Sperm DNA fragmentation refers to the breaking or fragmentation of DNA strands into smaller pieces. In the context of sperm DNA, fragmentation occurs when the genetic material is damaged, leading to poor quality sperms:

Causes:

1. Oxidative stress
2. Environmental toxins
3. Infections
4. Inflammation
5. Age
6. Lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, etc.)
7. Medical conditions (cancer, diabetes, etc.)

Effects on fertility:

1. Reduced sperm motility
2. Decreased sperm count
3. Abnormal sperm morphology
4. Impaired fertilization
5. Increased risk of miscarriage
6. Failed IVF/ICSI cycles

Types of DNA fragmentation:

1. Single-strand breaks (SSBs)
2. Double-strand breaks (DSBs)
3. DNA strand breaks

Measurement methods:

1. TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling)
2. Comet assay
3. SCSA (Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay)
4. HALO assay

Consequences:

1. Reduced fertility
2. Increased risk of genetic disorders
3. Failed assisted reproductive technologies (ART)

Prevention and treatment:

1. Specific male fertility nutrient to address the Issue of DNA Fragmentation

(e.g., Ferlar-M)

2. Lifestyle changes (diet, exercise, stress reduction)
3. Medical treatment (for underlying conditions)
4. Supplements (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D)

In the context of Ferlar-M, the product aims to reduce DNA fragmentation by:

1. Antioxidant properties (e.g., CoQ10, Selenium)
2. Improving sperm motility and morphology
3. Enhancing overall sperm health

Description: Ferlar-M is a dietary supplement specifically formulated to support male fertility and improve sperm quality.

Ingredients:

1. L-Carnitine L-Tartrate
2. Ubiquinone (CoQ10) – 100mg
3. L-Arginine – 10mg
4. Zinc – 57mg
5. Selenium – 100mcg

Key Benefits:

1. Improves sperm motility and morphology
2. Enhances sperm energy and quality
3. Supports testosterone production
4. Boosts immune system
5. Increases sperm count

Indications:

1. Abnormal sperm shape (Teratospermia)
2. Low sperm motility (Asthenozoospermia)
3. Low sperm count (Oligospermia)
4. Poor sperm morphology
5. Low immunity

How it Works:

Ferlar-M’s unique blend addresses male fertility challenges through:

1. Sperm Motility: L-Carnitine L-Tartrate and Selenium improve sperm movement.
2. Sperm Energy: Ubiquinone (CoQ10) provides energy for sperm cells.
3. Sperm Quality: Zinc supports testosterone production and sperm development.
4. Sperm Count: L-Arginine may increase sperm production.

References:

1. Carlsen E, et al. (1998) – Selenium status and semen quality in healthy men.
2. Lenzi A, et al. (2006) – Effects of antioxidant treatment on sperm motility and DNA fragmentation.
3. Zini A, et al. (2009) – Role of antioxidants in male infertility.

Precautions:

1. Consult a healthcare professional before use.
2. Allergic reactions: Discontinue use if rash, itching, or difficulty breathing occur.
3. Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about medications or supplements.

Contraindications:

1. Hypersensitivity to any ingredient.
2. Pregnancy or lactation (consult healthcare professional).

Dosage:

1. Take 1 tablet daily.
2. Preferably with meals.

Storage:

1. Store in a cool, dry place.
2. Protect from light and moisture.

Label Claims:

1. Supports male fertility and sperm quality.
2. Improves sperm motility and morphology.
3. Enhances sperm energy and count.

Regulatory Compliance:

1. Compliant with GMP and DCGI guidelines.
2. Meets IP standards.